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MongoDB Python Client Guide

This guide explains how to install the necessary Python packages and use the provided example script to connect to your MongoDB instance.

Prerequisites

Python 3.6 or higher
pip (Python package manager)
Access to your MongoDB instance (running in Docker or elsewhere)

Installation Instructions

Install the PyMongo package

PyMongo is the official MongoDB driver for Python. Install it using pip:

pip install pymongo

If you're using a virtual environment (recommended):

# Create a virtual environment
python -m venv venv

# Activate the virtual environment
# On Linux/macOS:
source venv/bin/activate
# On Windows:
venv\Scripts\activate

# Install PyMongo
pip install pymongo

Configure environment variables (optional)

The example script uses environment variables for configuration. You can set them in your shell:
```
export MONGO_HOST="your-mongodb-host"
export MONGO_PORT="27017"
export MONGO_USERNAME="admin"
export MONGO_PASSWORD="your-password"
export MONGO_AUTH_DB="admin"
```
Alternatively, you can modify the default values directly in the script.

Using the Example Script

The python_example.py script demonstrates basic MongoDB operations:

Connecting to MongoDB with authentication
Listing available databases
Creating a sample database and collection
Inserting sample data
Querying the data

Running the Script

python python_example.py

Expected Output

🔄 Connecting to MongoDB...
✅ Successfully connected to MongoDB at localhost:27017

📚 Available databases:
  - admin
  - config
  - local

🔄 Creating sample data...
✅ Successfully inserted 3 documents into sample_db.users
📊 Total documents in users: 3

🔄 Querying data...
🔍 All users:
  - John Doe (john.doe@example.com), Age: 30
  - Jane Smith (jane.smith@example.com), Age: 25
  - Bob Johnson (bob.johnson@example.com), Age: 35

🔍 Users older than 30:
  - Bob Johnson (bob.johnson@example.com), Age: 35

👋 Connection closed

Modifying the Script for Your Needs

Connecting to Your MongoDB Instance

Update the connection parameters at the top of the script:

MONGO_HOST = "your-mongodb-host"  # Replace with your MongoDB host IP
MONGO_PORT = 27017
MONGO_USERNAME = "admin"  # Replace with your MongoDB username
MONGO_PASSWORD = "your-password"  # Replace with your MongoDB password
MONGO_AUTH_DB = "admin"

Creating Your Own Collections and Queries

The example script provides a template that you can modify:

To create a different collection, modify the create_sample_data function
To perform different queries, modify the query_data function

Common MongoDB Operations in Python

Insert a Document

result = collection.insert_one({"name": "Alice", "age": 29})
print(f"Inserted document ID: {result.inserted_id}")

Find Documents

# Find one document
user = collection.find_one({"name": "John Doe"})
print(user)

# Find documents with a filter
users = collection.find({"age": {"$gt": 25}})
for user in users:
    print(user)

Update Documents

# Update one document
result = collection.update_one(
    {"name": "John Doe"},
    {"$set": {"age": 31}}
)
print(f"Modified {result.modified_count} document(s)")

# Update multiple documents
result = collection.update_many(
    {"age": {"$lt": 30}},
    {"$inc": {"age": 1}}
)
print(f"Modified {result.modified_count} document(s)")

Delete Documents

# Delete one document
result = collection.delete_one({"name": "John Doe"})
print(f"Deleted {result.deleted_count} document(s)")

# Delete multiple documents
result = collection.delete_many({"age": {"$lt": 25}})
print(f"Deleted {result.deleted_count} document(s)")

Troubleshooting

Connection Issues

If you can't connect to MongoDB:

Verify that your MongoDB container is running:
```
docker-compose ps
```
Check if you can reach MongoDB from your host:
```
telnet your-mongodb-host 27017
```
Ensure your MongoDB credentials are correct

Authentication Errors

If you see authentication errors:

Verify your username and password
Make sure you're using the correct authentication database (usually "admin")
Check if MongoDB is configured with authentication enabled

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